Topline Global Trends, Risk Factors, Comorbidities, and Prediction Of Future HF State

Key Points

  • Overall HF prevalence is increasing globally, but HF incidence, prevalence, etiology, and outcomes vary across different regions around the globe.
  • HF prevalence estimates around the world range from 1% to 3% of the overall population.
  • The prevalence of risk factors for HF including hypertension, obesity, and smoking are increasing globally over time. The proportion of individuals with HF exhibiting 3 or more comorbidities increased from 68% in 2002-2004 to 87% in 2012-2014.
  • Disparities in social determinants of health (SDoH) and health inequities are important HF risk factors and result in increased mortality and other adverse outcomes in individuals at risk for HF or with HF.